Digital broadcasting system and method of processing data in digital broadcasting system

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides a data processing method, the data processing method including receiving a broadcasting signal where mobile service data are multiplexed with main service data, extracting transmission-parameter-channel signaling information and fast-information-channel signaling information from a data group within the received mobile service data, parsing first program table information describing virtual channel information of an ensemble and a service provided by the ensemble using the fast-information-channel signaling information, the ensemble the ensemble corresponding to a virtual channel group of the received mobile service data, obtaining information representing that second program table information, which includes a descriptor describing event information of the mobile service data, is received, from the first program table information, parsing the second program table information, and storing the event information and displaying service guide information including the event information.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.12/197,170, filed on Aug. 22, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,776,143, whichclaims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. Nos. 60/957,714,filed on Aug. 24, 2007, 60/974,084, filed on Sep. 21, 2007, 60/977,379,filed on Oct. 4, 2007, 61/044,504, filed on Apr. 13, 2008, and61/076,686, filed on Jun. 29, 2008, and also claims the benefit ofearlier filing date and right of priority to Korean Application No.10-2008-0082583, filed on Aug. 22, 2008, the contents of all of whichare hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a digital broadcasting system, and moreparticularly, to a digital broadcasting system and a data processingmethod.

2. Discussion of the Related Art

The Vestigial Sideband (VSB) transmission mode, which is adopted as thestandard for digital broadcasting in North America and the Republic ofKorea, is a system using a single carrier method. Therefore, thereceiving performance of the digital broadcast receiving system may bedeteriorated in a poor channel environment. Particularly, sinceresistance to changes in channels and noise is more highly required whenusing portable and/or mobile broadcast receivers, the receivingperformance may be even more deteriorated when transmitting mobileservice data by the VSB transmission mode.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide a digital broadcastingsystem and a data processing method that are highly resistant to channelchanges and noise. An object of the present invention is to provide adigital broadcasting system and a method of processing data in a digitalbroadcasting system that can enhance the receiving performance of areceiving system (or receiver) by having a transmitting system (ortransmitter) perform additional encoding on mobile service data. Anotherobject of the present invention is to provide a digital broadcastingsystem and a method of processing data in the digital broadcastingsystem that can also enhance the receiving performance of a digitalbroadcast receiving system by inserting known data already known inaccordance with a pre-agreement between the receiving system and thetransmitting system in a predetermined region within a data region.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a digitalbroadcasting system and a method of processing data in the digitalbroadcasting system that can provide an additional service of the mobileservice data, when a broadcasting signal in which the main service dataare multiplexed with the mobile service data, is transmitted.

To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with thepurpose of the invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, adata processing method includes receiving a broadcasting signal wheremobile service data are multiplexed with main service data, extractingtransmission-parameter-channel signaling information andfast-information-channel signaling information from a data group withinthe received mobile service data, parsing first program tableinformation describing virtual channel information of an ensemble and aservice provided by the ensemble using the fast-information-channelsignaling information, the ensemble corresponding to a virtual channelgroup of the received mobile service data, obtaining informationrepresenting that second program table information, which includes adescriptor describing event information of the mobile service data, isreceived, from the first program table information and parsing thesecond program table information, and storing the event information, anddisplaying service guide information including the event information.

In another aspect of the present invention, a digital broadcastingsystem includes a baseband processor configured to receive abroadcasting signal where mobile service data are multiplexed with mainservice data and extract transmission-parameter-channel signalinginformation and fast-information-channel signaling information from adata group within the received mobile service data, a managementprocessor configured to parse first program table information describingvirtual channel information of an ensemble and a service provided by theensemble using the fast-information-channel signaling information, theensemble corresponding to a virtual channel group of the received mobileservice data, obtain information representing that second program tableinformation, which includes a descriptor describing event information ofthe mobile service data, is received, from the first program tableinformation, and parse the second program table information, and storingthe event information and a presentation processor configured to displayservice guide information including the event information.

The data group includes a plurality of known data sequences, and thetransmission-parameter-channel signaling information and thefast-information-channel signaling information are located between thefirst known data sequence and the second known data sequence of theknown data sequences.

The descriptor includes at least one of event identifier, event starttime information, event duration information, language informationdescribing an event, and event title information. The descriptorincludes at least one of item identifier information, item descriptioninformation, and item additional description information, and the itemis included in the service.

The management processor includes a service information handler parsingthe first and second program table information and a storage unitstoring event information parsed by the service information handler.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a furtherunderstanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute apart of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention andtogether with the description serve to explain the principle of theinvention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram showing a general structure of adigital broadcasting receiving system according to an embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary structure of a data group according tothe present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates an RS frame according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of an MH frame structure for transmittingand receiving mobile service data according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a general VSB frame structure;

FIG. 6 illustrates a example of mapping positions of the first 4 slotsof a sub-frame in a spatial area with respect to a VSB frame;

FIG. 7 illustrates a example of mapping positions of the first 4 slotsof a sub-frame in a chronological (or time) area with respect to a VSBframe;

FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary order of data groups being assigned toone of 5 sub-frames configuring an MH frame according to the presentinvention;

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a single parade being assigned to an MHframe according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of 3 parades being assigned to an MHframe according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 illustrates an example of the process of assigning 3 paradesshown in FIG. 10 being expanded to 5 sub-frames within an MH frame;

FIG. 12 illustrates a data transmission structure according to anembodiment of the present invention, wherein signaling data are includedin a data group so as to be transmitted;

FIG. 13 illustrates a hierarchical signaling structure according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary FIC body format according to anembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure withrespect to an FIC segment according to an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 16 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure withrespect to a payload of an FIC segment according to the presentinvention, when an FIC type field value is equal to ‘0’;

FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of aservice map table according to the present invention;

FIG. 18 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHaudio descriptor according to the present invention;

FIG. 19 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHRTP payload type descriptor according to the present invention;

FIG. 20 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHcurrent event descriptor according to the present invention;

FIG. 21 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHnext event descriptor according to the present invention;

FIG. 22 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHsystem time descriptor according to the present invention;

FIG. 23 illustrates segmentation and encapsulation processes of aservice map table according to the present invention;

FIG. 24 illustrates a flow chart for accessing a virtual channel usingFIC and SMT according to the present invention;

FIG. 25 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an EMTaccording to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of a descriptor whichincludes event information transmitted as program table information;

FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating another example of a descriptor whichincludes event information transmitted as program table information; and

FIG. 28 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a data processingmethod.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of thepresent invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be usedthroughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.

Hereinafter, The preferred embodiment of the present invention will bedescribed with reference to the accompanying drawings. At this time, itis to be understood that the drawings and the following detaileddescription of the present invention described with reference to thedrawings are exemplary and explanatory and technical spirits and mainfeatures and operation of the present invention are not limited by thedrawings and the following detailed description.

Definition Of Terms Used In The Present Invention

Although general terms, which are widely used considering functions inthe present invention, have been selected in the present invention, theymay be changed depending on intention of those skilled in the art,practices, or new technology. Also, in specific case, the applicant mayoptionally select the terms. In this case, the meaning of the terms willbe described in detail in the description part of the invention.Therefore, it is to be understood that the terms should be defined basedupon their meaning not their simple title and the whole description ofthe present invention.

Among the terms used in the description of the present invention, mainservice data correspond to data that can be received by a fixedreceiving system and may include audio/video (A/V) data. Morespecifically, the main service data may include A/V data of highdefinition (HD) or standard definition (SD) levels and may also includediverse data types required for data broadcasting. Also, the known datacorrespond to data pre-known in accordance with a pre-arranged agreementbetween the receiving system and the transmitting system. Additionally,among the terms used in the present invention, “MH” corresponds to theinitials of “mobile” and “handheld” and represents the opposite conceptof a fixed-type system. Furthermore, the MH service data may include atleast one of mobile service data and handheld service data, and willalso be referred to as “mobile service data” for simplicity. Herein, themobile service data not only correspond to MH service data but may alsoinclude any type of service data with mobile or portablecharacteristics. Therefore, the mobile service data according to thepresent invention are not limited only to the MH service data.

The above-described mobile service data may correspond to data havinginformation, such as program execution files, stock information, and soon, and may also correspond to A/V data. Most particularly, the mobileservice data may correspond to A/V data having lower resolution andlower data rate as compared to the main service data. For example, if anA/V codec that is used for a conventional main service corresponds to aMPEG-2 codec, a MPEG-4 advanced video coding (AVC) or scalable videocoding (SVC) having better image compression efficiency may be used asthe A/V codec for the mobile service. Furthermore, any type of data maybe transmitted as the mobile service data. For example, transportprotocol expert group (TPEG) data for broadcasting real-timetransportation information may be transmitted as the main service data.

Also, a data service using the mobile service data may include weatherforecast services, traffic information services, stock informationservices, viewer participation quiz programs, real-time polls andsurveys, interactive education broadcast programs, gaming services,services providing information on synopsis, character, background music,and filming sites of soap operas or series, services providinginformation on past match scores and player profiles and achievements,and services providing information on product information and programsclassified by service, medium, time, and theme enabling purchase ordersto be processed. Herein, the present invention is not limited only tothe services mentioned above.

In the present invention, the transmitting system provides backwardcompatibility in the main service data so as to be received by theconventional receiving system. Herein, the main service data and themobile service data are multiplexed to the same physical channel andthen transmitted.

Furthermore, the digital broadcast transmitting system according to thepresent invention performs additional encoding on the mobile servicedata and inserts the data already known by the receiving system andtransmitting system (e.g., known data), thereby transmitting theprocessed data.

Therefore, when using the transmitting system according to the presentinvention, the receiving system may receive the mobile service dataduring a mobile state and may also receive the mobile service data withstability despite various distortion and noise occurring within thechannel.

Receiving System

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram showing a general structure of adigital broadcasting receiving system according to an embodiment of thepresent invention.

The digital broadcast receiving system according to the presentinvention includes a baseband processor 100, a management processor 200,and a presentation processor 300.

The baseband processor 100 includes an operation controller 110, a tuner120, a demodulator 130, an equalizer 140, a known sequence detector (orknown data detector) 150, a block decoder (or mobile handheld blockdecoder) 160, a primary Reed-Solomon (RS) frame decoder 170, a secondaryRS frame decoder 180, and a signaling decoder 190.

The operation controller 110 controls the operation of each blockincluded in the baseband processor 100.

By tuning the receiving system to a specific physical channel frequency,the tuner 120 enables the receiving system to receive main service data,which correspond to broadcast signals for fixed-type broadcast receivingsystems, and mobile service data, which correspond to broadcast signalsfor mobile broadcast receiving systems. At this point, the tunedfrequency of the specific physical channel is down-converted to anintermediate frequency (IF) signal, thereby being outputted to thedemodulator 130 and the known sequence detector 140. The passbanddigital IF signal being outputted from the tuner 120 may only includemain service data, or only include mobile service data, or include bothmain service data and mobile service data.

The demodulator 130 performs self-gain control, carrier wave recovery,and timing recovery processes on the passband digital IF signal inputtedfrom the tuner 120, thereby modifying the IF signal to a basebandsignal. Then, the demodulator 130 outputs the baseband signal to theequalizer 140 and the known sequence detector 150. The demodulator 130uses the known data symbol sequence inputted from the known sequencedetector 150 during the timing and/or carrier wave recovery, therebyenhancing the demodulating performance.

The equalizer 140 compensates channel-associated distortion included inthe signal demodulated by the demodulator 130. Then, the equalizer 140outputs the distortion-compensated signal to the block decoder 160. Byusing a known data symbol sequence inputted from the known sequencedetector 150, the equalizer 140 may enhance the equalizing performance.Furthermore, the equalizer 140 may receive feed-back on the decodingresult from the block decoder 160, thereby enhancing the equalizingperformance.

The known sequence detector 150 detects known data place (or position)inserted by the transmitting system from the input/output data (i.e.,data prior to being demodulated or data being processed with partialdemodulation). Then, the known sequence detector 150 outputs thedetected known data position information and known data sequencegenerated from the detected position information to the demodulator 130and the equalizer 140. Additionally, in order to allow the block decoder160 to identify the mobile service data that have been processed withadditional encoding by the transmitting system and the main service datathat have not been processed with any additional encoding, the knownsequence detector 150 outputs such corresponding information to theblock decoder 160.

If the data channel-equalized by the equalizer 140 and inputted to theblock decoder 160 correspond to data processed with both block-encodingand trellis-encoding by the transmitting system (i.e., data within theRS frame, signaling data), the block decoder 160 may performtrellis-decoding and block-decoding as inverse processes of thetransmitting system. On the other hand, if the data channel-equalized bythe equalizer 140 and inputted to the block decoder 160 correspond todata processed only with trellis-encoding and not block-encoding by thetransmitting system (i.e., main service data), the block decoder 160 mayperform only trellis-decoding.

The signaling decoder 190 decoded signaling data that have beenchannel-equalized and inputted from the equalizer 140. It is assumedthat the signaling data inputted to the signaling decoder 190 correspondto data processed with both block-encoding and trellis-encoding by thetransmitting system. Examples of such signaling data may includetransmission parameter channel (TPC) data and fast information channel(FIC) data. Each type of data will be described in more detail in alater process. The FIC data decoded by the signaling decoder 190 areoutputted to the FIC handler 215. And, the TPC data decoded by thesignaling decoder 190 are outputted to the TPC handler 214.

Meanwhile, according to the present invention, the transmitting systemuses RS frames by encoding units. Herein, the RS frame may be dividedinto a primary RS frame and a secondary RS frame. However, according tothe embodiment of the present invention, the primary RS frame and thesecondary RS frame will be divided based upon the level of importance ofthe corresponding data. The primary RS frame decoder 170 receives thedata outputted from the block decoder 160. At this point, according tothe embodiment of the present invention, the primary RS frame decoder170 receives only the mobile service data that have been Reed-Solomon(RS)-encoded and/or cyclic redundancy check (CRC)-encoded from the blockdecoder 160.

Herein, the primary RS frame decoder 170 receives only the mobileservice data and not the main service data. The primary RS frame decoder170 performs inverse processes of an RS frame encoder (not shown)included in the digital broadcast transmitting system, therebycorrecting errors existing within the primary RS frame. Morespecifically, the primary RS frame decoder 170 forms a primary RS frameby grouping a plurality of data groups and, then, correct errors inprimary RS frame units. In other words, the primary RS frame decoder 170decodes primary RS frames, which are being transmitted for actualbroadcast services.

Additionally, the secondary RS frame decoder 180 receives the dataoutputted from the block decoder 160. At this point, according to theembodiment of the present invention, the secondary RS frame decoder 180receives only the mobile service data that have been RS-encoded and/orCRC-encoded from the block decoder 160. Herein, the secondary RS framedecoder 180 receives only the mobile service data and not the mainservice data. The secondary RS frame decoder 180 performs inverseprocesses of an RS frame encoder (not shown) included in the digitalbroadcast transmitting system, thereby correcting errors existing withinthe secondary RS frame. More specifically, the secondary RS framedecoder 180 forms a secondary RS frame by grouping a plurality of datagroups and, then, correct errors in secondary RS frame units. In otherwords, the secondary RS frame decoder 180 decodes secondary RS frames,which are being transmitted for mobile audio service data, mobile videoservice data, guide data, and so on.

Meanwhile, the management processor 200 according to an embodiment ofthe present invention includes an MH physical adaptation processor 210,an IP network stack 220, a streaming handler 230, a system information(SI) handler 240, a file handler 250, a multi-purpose internet mainextensions (MIME) type handler 260, and an electronic service guide(ESG) handler 270, and an ESG decoder 280, and a storage unit 290.

The MH physical adaptation processor 210 includes a primary RS framehandler 211, a secondary RS frame handler 212, an MH transport packet(TP) handler 213, a TPC handler 214, an FIC handler 215, and a physicaladaptation control signal handler 216.

The TPC handler 214 receives and processes baseband information requiredby modules corresponding to the MH physical adaptation processor 210.The baseband information is inputted in the form of TPC data. Herein,the TPC handler 214 uses this information to process the FIC data, whichhave been sent from the baseband processor 100.

The TPC data are transmitted from the transmitting system to thereceiving system via a predetermined region of a data group. The TPCdata may include at least one of an MH ensemble ID, an MH sub-framenumber, a total number of MH groups (TNoG), an RS frame continuitycounter, a column size of RS frame (N), and an FIC version number.

Herein, the MH ensemble ID indicates an identification number of each MHensemble carried in the corresponding channel.

The MH sub-frame number signifies a number identifying the MH sub-framenumber in an MH frame, wherein each MH group associated with thecorresponding MH ensemble is transmitted.

The TNoG represents the total number of MH groups including all of theMH groups belonging to all MH parades included in an MH sub-frame.

The RS frame continuity counter indicates a number that serves as acontinuity counter of the RS frames carrying the corresponding MHensemble. Herein, the value of the RS frame continuity counter shall beincremented by 1 modulo 16 for each successive RS frame.

N represents the column size of an RS frame belonging to thecorresponding MH ensemble. Herein, the value of N determines the size ofeach MH TP.

Finally, the FIC version number signifies the version number of an FICbody carried on the corresponding physical channel.

As described above, diverse TPC data are inputted to the TPC handler 214via the signaling decoder 190 shown in FIG. 1. Then, the received TPCdata are processed by the TPC handler 214. The received TPC data mayalso be used by the FIC handler 215 in order to process the FIC data.

The FIC handler 215 processes the FIC data by associating the FIC datareceived from the baseband processor 100 with the TPC data.

The physical adaptation control signal handler 216 collects FIC datareceived through the FIC handler 215 and SI data received through RSframes. Then, the physical adaptation control signal handler 216 usesthe collected FIC data and SI data to configure and process IP datagramsand access information of mobile broadcast services. Thereafter, thephysical adaptation control signal handler 216 stores the processed IPdatagrams and access information to the storage unit 290.

The primary RS frame handler 211 identifies primary RS frames receivedfrom the primary RS frame decoder 170 of the baseband processor 100 foreach row unit, so as to configure an MH TP. Thereafter, the primary RSframe handler 211 outputs the configured MH TP to the MH TP handler 213.

The secondary RS frame handler 212 identifies secondary RS framesreceived from the secondary RS frame decoder 180 of the basebandprocessor 100 for each row unit, so as to configure an MH TP.Thereafter, the secondary RS frame handler 212 outputs the configured MHTP to the MH TP handler 213.

The MH transport packet (TP) handler 213 extracts a header from each MHTP received from the primary RS frame handler 211 and the secondary RSframe handler 212, thereby determining the data included in thecorresponding MH TP. Then, when the determined data correspond to SIdata (i.e., SI data that are not encapsulated to IP datagrams), thecorresponding data are outputted to the physical adaptation controlsignal handler 216. Alternatively, when the determined data correspondto an IP datagram, the corresponding data are outputted to the IPnetwork stack 220.

The IP network stack 220 processes broadcast data that are beingtransmitted in the form of IP datagrams. More specifically, the IPnetwork stack 220 processes data that are inputted via user datagramprotocol (UDP), real-time transport protocol (RTP), real-time transportcontrol protocol (RTCP), asynchronous layered coding/layered codingtransport (ALC/LCT), file delivery over unidirectional transport(FLUTE), and so on. Herein, when the processed data correspond tostreaming data, the corresponding data are outputted to the streaminghandler 230. And, when the processed data correspond to data in a fileformat, the corresponding data are outputted to the file handler 250.Finally, when the processed data correspond to SI-associated data, thecorresponding data are outputted to the SI handler 240.

The SI handler 240 receives and processes SI data having the form of IPdatagrams, which are inputted to the IP network stack 220.

When the inputted data associated with SI correspond to MIME-type data,the inputted data are outputted to the MIME-type handler 260.

The MIME-type handler 260 receives the MIME-type SI data outputted fromthe SI handler 240 and processes the received MIME-type SI data.

The file handler 250 receives data from the IP network stack 220 in anobject format in accordance with the ALC/LCT and FLUTE structures. Thefile handler 250 groups the received data to create a file format.Herein, when the corresponding file includes ESG, the file is outputtedto the ESG handler 270. On the other hand, when the corresponding fileincludes data for other file-based services, the file is outputted tothe presentation controller 330 of the presentation processor 300.

The ESG handler 270 processes the ESG data received from the filehandler 250 and stores the processed ESG data to the storage unit 290.Alternatively, the ESG handler 270 may output the processed ESG data tothe ESG decoder 280, thereby allowing the ESG data to be used by the ESGdecoder 280.

The storage unit 290 stores the system information (SI) received fromthe physical adaptation control signal handler 210 and the ESG handler270 therein. Thereafter, the storage unit 290 transmits the stored SIdata to each block.

The ESG decoder 280 either recovers the ESG data and SI data stored inthe storage unit 290 or recovers the ESG data transmitted from the ESGhandler 270. Then, the ESG decoder 280 outputs the recovered data to thepresentation controller 330 in a format that can be outputted to theuser.

The streaming handler 230 receives data from the IP network stack 220,wherein the format of the received data are in accordance with RTPand/or RTCP structures. The streaming handler 230 extracts audio/videostreams from the received data, which are then outputted to theaudio/video (A/V) decoder 310 of the presentation processor 300. Theaudio/video decoder 310 then decodes each of the audio stream and videostream received from the streaming handler 230.

The display module 320 of the presentation processor 300 receives audioand video signals respectively decoded by the A/V decoder 310. Then, thedisplay module 320 provides the received audio and video signals to theuser through a speaker and/or a screen.

The presentation controller 330 corresponds to a controller managingmodules that output data received by the receiving system to the user.

The channel service manager 340 manages an interface with the user,which enables the user to use channel-based broadcast services, such aschannel map management, channel service connection, and so on.

The application manager 350 manages an interface with a user using ESGdisplay or other application services that do not correspond tochannel-based services.

Data Format Structure

Meanwhile, the data structure used in the mobile broadcasting technologyaccording to the embodiment of the present invention may include a datagroup structure and an RS frame structure, which will now be describedin detail.

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary structure of a data group according tothe present invention.

FIG. 2 shows an example of dividing a data group according to the datastructure of the present invention into 10 MH blocks (i.e., MH block 1(B1) to MH block 10 (B10)). In this example, each MH block has thelength of 16 segments. Referring to FIG. 2, only the RS parity data areallocated to portions of the first 5 segments of the MH block 1 (B1) andthe last 5 segments of the MH block 10 (B10). The RS parity data areexcluded in regions A to D of the data group.

More specifically, when it is assumed that one data group is dividedinto regions A, B, C, and D, each MH block may be included in any one ofregion A to region D depending upon the characteristic of each MH blockwithin the data group.

Herein, the data group is divided into a plurality of regions to be usedfor different purposes. More specifically, a region of the main servicedata having no interference or a very low interference level may beconsidered to have a more resistant (or stronger) receiving performanceas compared to regions having higher interference levels. Additionally,when using a system inserting and transmitting known data in the datagroup, wherein the known data are known based upon an agreement betweenthe transmitting system and the receiving system, and when consecutivelylong known data are to be periodically inserted in the mobile servicedata, the known data having a predetermined length may be periodicallyinserted in the region having no interference from the main service data(i.e., a region wherein the main service data are not mixed). However,due to interference from the main service data, it is difficult toperiodically insert known data and also to insert consecutively longknown data to a region having interference from the main service data.

Referring to FIG. 2, MH block 4 (B4) to MH block 7 (B7) correspond toregions without interference of the main service data. MH block 4 (B4)to MH block 7 (B7) within the data group shown in FIG. 2 correspond to aregion where no interference from the main service data occurs. In thisexample, a long known data sequence is inserted at both the beginningand end of each MH block. In the description of the present invention,the region including MH block 4 (block 4 ) to MH block 7 (B7) will bereferred to as “region A (=B4+B5+B6+B7)”. As described above, when thedata group includes region A having a long known data sequence insertedat both the beginning and end of each MH block, the receiving system iscapable of performing equalization by using the channel information thatcan be obtained from the known data. Therefore, the strongest equalizingperformance may be yielded (or obtained) from one of region A to regionD.

In the example of the data group shown in FIG. 2, MH block 3 (B3) and MHblock 8 (B8) correspond to a region having little interference from themain service data. Herein, a long known data sequence is inserted inonly one side of each MH block B3 and B8. More specifically, due to theinterference from the main service data, a long known data sequence isinserted at the end of MH block 3 (B3), and another long known datasequence is inserted at the beginning of MH block 8 (B8). In the presentinvention, the region including MH block 3 (B3) and MH block 8 (B8) willbe referred to as “region B (=B3+B8)”. As described above, when the datagroup includes region B having a long known data sequence inserted atonly one side (beginning or end) of each MH block, the receiving systemis capable of performing equalization by using the channel informationthat can be obtained from the known data. Therefore, a strongerequalizing performance as compared to region C/D may be yielded (orobtained).

Referring to FIG. 2, MH block 2 (B2) and MH block 9 (B9) correspond to aregion having more interference from the main service data as comparedto region B. A long known data sequence cannot be inserted in any sideof MH block 2 (B2) and MH block 9 (B9). Herein, the region including MHblock 2 (B2) and MH block 9 (B9) will be referred to as “region C(=B2+B9)”.

Finally, in the example shown in FIG. 2, MH block 1 (B1) and MH block 10(B10) correspond to a region having more interference from the mainservice data as compared to region C. Similarly, a long known datasequence cannot be inserted in any side of MH block 1 (B1) and MH block10 (B10). Herein, the region including MH block 1 (B1) and MH block 10(B10) will be referred to as “region D (=B1+B10)”. Since region C/D isspaced further apart from the known data sequence, when the channelenvironment undergoes frequent and abrupt changes, the receivingperformance of region C/D may be deteriorated.

Additionally, the data group includes a signaling information areawherein signaling information is assigned (or allocated).

In the present invention, the signaling information area may start fromthe 1^(st) segment of the 4^(th) MH block (block 4 ) to a portion of the2^(nd) segment. According to an embodiment of the present invention, thesignaling information area for inserting signaling information may startfrom the 1^(st) segment of the 4^(th) MH block (B4) to a portion of the2^(nd) segment. More specifically, 276 (=207+69) bytes of the 4^(th) MHblock (B4) in each data group are assigned as the signaling informationarea. In other words, the signaling information area consists of 207bytes of the 1^(st) segment and the first 69 bytes of the 2^(nd) segmentof the 4^(th) MH block (B4). The 1^(st) segment of the 4^(th) MH block(B4) corresponds to the 17^(th) or 173^(rd) segment of a VSB field.

Herein, the signaling information may be identified by two differenttypes of signaling channels: a transmission parameter channel (TPC) anda fast information channel (FIC).

Herein, the TPC data may include at least one of an MH ensemble ID, anMH sub-frame number, a total number of MH groups (TNoG), an RS framecontinuity counter, a column size of RS frame (N), and an FIC versionnumber. However, the TPC data (or information) presented herein aremerely exemplary. And, since the adding or deleting of signalinginformation included in the TPC data may be easily adjusted and modifiedby one skilled in the art, the present invention will, therefore, not belimited to the examples set forth herein. Furthermore, the FIC isprovided to enable a fast service acquisition of data receivers, and theFIC includes cross layer information between the physical layer and theupper layer(s).

For example, when the data group includes 6 known data sequences, asshown in FIG. 2, the signaling information area is located between thefirst known data sequence and the second known data sequence. Morespecifically, the first known data sequence is inserted in the last 2segments of the 3rd MH block (B3), and the second known data sequence ininserted in the 2^(nd) and 3^(rd) segments of the 4^(th) MH block (B4).Furthermore, the 3^(rd) to 6^(th) known data sequences are respectivelyinserted in the last 2 segments of each of the 4^(th), 5^(th), 6^(th),and 7^(th) MH blocks (B4, B5, B6, and B7). The 1^(st) and 3^(rd) to6^(th) known data sequences are spaced apart by 16 segments.

FIG. 3 illustrates an RS frame according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

The RS frame shown in FIG. 3 corresponds to a collection of one or moredata groups. The RS frame is received for each MH frame in a conditionwhere the receiving system receives the FIC and processes the receivedFIC and where the receiving system is switched to a time-slicing mode sothat the receiving system can receive MH ensembles including ESG entrypoints. Each RS frame includes IP streams of each service or ESG, andSMT section data may exist in all RS frames.

The RS frame according to the embodiment of the present inventionconsists of at least one MH transport packet (TP). Herein, the MH TPincludes an MH header and an MH payload.

The MH payload may include mobile service data as well as signalingdata. More specifically, an MH payload may include only mobile servicedata, or may include only signaling data, or may include both mobileservice data and signaling data.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the MH header mayidentify (or distinguish) the data types included in the MH payload.More specifically, when the MH TP includes a first MH header, thisindicates that the MH payload includes only the signaling data. Also,when the MH TP includes a second MH header, this indicates that the MHpayload includes both the signaling data and the mobile service data.Finally, when MH TP includes a third MH header, this indicates that theMH payload includes only the mobile service data.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, the RS frame is assigned with IPdatagrams (IP datagram 1 and IP datagram 2) for two service types.

Data Transmission Structure

FIG. 4 illustrates a structure of a MH frame for transmitting andreceiving mobile service data according to the present invention.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, one MH frame consists of 5 sub-frames,wherein each sub-frame includes 16 slots. In this case, the MH frameaccording to the present invention includes 5 sub-frames and 80 slots.

Also, in a packet level, one slot is configured of 156 data packets(i.e., transport stream packets), and in a symbol level, one slot isconfigured of 156 data segments. Herein, the size of one slotcorresponds to one half (½) of a VSB field. More specifically, since one207-byte data packet has the same amount of data as a data segment, adata packet prior to being interleaved may also be used as a datasegment. At this point, two VSB fields are grouped to form a VSB frame.

FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary structure of a VSB frame, wherein oneVSB frame consists of 2 VSB fields (i.e., an odd field and an evenfield). Herein, each VSB field includes a field synchronization segmentand 312 data segments.

The slot corresponds to a basic time unit for multiplexing the mobileservice data and the main service data. Herein, one slot may eitherinclude the mobile service data or be configured only of the mainservice data.

If the first 118 data packets within the slot correspond to a datagroup, the remaining 38 data packets become the main service datapackets. In another example, when no data group exists in a slot, thecorresponding slot is configured of 156 main service data packets.

Meanwhile, when the slots are assigned to a VSB frame, an off-set existsfor each assigned position.

FIG. 6 illustrates a mapping example of the positions to which the first4 slots of a sub-frame are assigned with respect to a VSB frame in aspatial area. And, FIG. 7 illustrates a mapping example of the positionsto which the first 4 slots of a sub-frame are assigned with respect to aVSB frame in a chronological (or time) area.

Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, a 38^(th) data packet (TS packet #37) ofa 1^(st) slot (Slot #0) is mapped to the 1^(st) data packet of an oddVSB field. A 38^(th) data packet (TS packet #37) of a 2^(nd) slot (Slot#1) is mapped to the 157^(th) data packet of an odd VSB field. Also, a38^(th) data packet (TS packet #37) of a 3^(rd) slot (Slot #2) is mappedto the 1^(st) data packet of an even VSB field. And, a 38^(th) datapacket (TS packet #37) of a 4^(th) slot (Slot #3) is mapped to the157^(th) data packet of an even VSB field. Similarly, the remaining 12slots within the corresponding sub-frame are mapped in the subsequentVSB frames using the same method.

FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary assignment order of data groups beingassigned to one of 5 sub-frames, wherein the 5 sub-frames configure anMH frame. For example, the method of assigning data groups may beidentically applied to all MH frames or differently applied to each MHframe. Furthermore, the method of assigning data groups may beidentically applied to all sub-frames or differently applied to eachsub-frame. At this point, when it is assumed that the data groups areassigned using the same method in all sub-frames of the corresponding MHframe, the total number of data groups being assigned to an MH frame isequal to a multiple of ‘5’.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality ofconsecutive data groups is assigned to be spaced as far apart from oneanother as possible within the MH frame. Thus, the system can be capableof responding promptly and effectively to any burst error that may occurwithin a sub-frame.

For example, when it is assumed that 3 data groups are assigned to asub-frame, the data groups are assigned to a 1^(st) slot (Slot #0), a5^(th) slot (Slot #4), and a 9^(th) slot (Slot #8) in the sub-frame,respectively. FIG. 8 illustrates an example of assigning 16 data groupsin one sub-frame using the above-described pattern (or rule). In otherwords, each data group is serially assigned to 16 slots corresponding tothe following numbers: 0, 8, 4, 12, 1, 9, 5, 13, 2, 10, 6, 14, 3, 11, 7,and 15.

Equation 1 below shows the above-described rule (or pattern) forassigning data groups in a sub-frame.j=(4i+0)mod 16  Equation 1

-   -   Herein, 0=0 if i<4,        -   0=2 else if i<8,        -   0=1 else if i<12,        -   0=3 else.    -   Herein, j indicates the slot number within a sub-frame. The        value of j may range from 0 to 15 (i.e., 0≦j≦15). Also, variable        i indicates the data group number. The value of i may range from        0 to 15 (i.e., 0≦j≦15).

In the present invention, a collection of data groups included in a MHframe will be referred to as a “parade”. Based upon the RS frame mode,the parade transmits data of at least one specific RS frame.

The mobile service data within one RS frame may be assigned either toall of regions A/B/C/D within the corresponding data group, or to atleast one of regions A/B/C/D. In the embodiment of the presentinvention, the mobile service data within one RS frame may be assignedeither to all of regions A/B/C/D, or to at least one of regions A/B andregions C/D. If the mobile service data are assigned to the latter case(i.e., one of regions A/B and regions C/D), the RS frame being assignedto regions A/B and the RS frame being assigned to regions C/D within thecorresponding data group are different from one another.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the RS frame beingassigned to regions A/B within the corresponding data group will bereferred to as a “primary RS frame”, and the RS frame being assigned toregions C/D within the corresponding data group will be referred to as a“secondary RS frame”, for simplicity. Also, the primary RS frame and thesecondary RS frame form (or configure) one parade. More specifically,when the mobile service data within one RS frame are assigned either toall of regions A/B/C/D within the corresponding data group, one paradetransmits one RS frame. Conversely, when the mobile service data withinone RS frame are assigned either to at least one of regions A/B andregions C/D, one parade may transmit up to 2 RS frames. Morespecifically, the RS frame mode indicates whether a parade transmits oneRS frame, or whether the parade transmits two RS frames. Such RS framemode is transmitted as the above-described TPC data. Table 1 below showsan example of the RS frame mode.

TABLE 1 RS frame mode (2 bits) Description 00 There is only one primaryRS frame for all group regions There are two separate RS frames. 01Primary RS frame for group regions A and B Secondary RS frame for groupregions C and D 10 Reserved 11 Reserved

Table 1 illustrates an example of allocating 2 bits in order to indicatethe RS frame mode. For example, referring to Table 1, when the RS framemode value is equal to ‘00’, this indicates that one parade transmitsone RS frame. And, when the RS frame mode value is equal to ‘01’, thisindicates that one parade transmits two RS frames, i.e., the primary RSframe and the secondary RS frame. More specifically, when the RS framemode value is equal to ‘01’, data of the primary RS frame for regionsA/B are assigned and transmitted to regions A/B of the correspondingdata group. Similarly, data of the secondary RS frame for regions C/Dare assigned and transmitted to regions C/D of the corresponding datagroup.

As described in the assignment of data groups, the parades are alsoassigned to be spaced as far apart from one another as possible withinthe sub-frame. Thus, the system can be capable of responding promptlyand effectively to any burst error that may occur within a sub-frame.Furthermore, the method of assigning parades may be identically appliedto all MH frames or differently applied to each MH frame. According tothe embodiment of the present invention, the parades may be assigneddifferently for each MH frame and identically for all sub-frames withinan MH frame. More specifically, the MH frame structure may vary by MHframe units. Thus, an ensemble rate may be adjusted on a more frequentand flexible basis.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of multiple data groups of a single paradebeing assigned (or allocated) to an MH frame. More specifically, FIG. 9illustrates an example of a plurality of data groups included in asingle parade, wherein the number of data groups included in a sub-frameis equal to ‘3’, being allocated to an MH frame. Referring to FIG. 9, 3data groups are sequentially assigned to a sub-frame at a cycle periodof 4 slots. Accordingly, when this process is equally performed in the 5sub-frames included in the corresponding MH frame, 15 data groups areassigned to a single MH frame. Herein, the 15 data groups correspond todata groups included in a parade. Therefore, since one sub-frame isconfigured of 4 VSB frame, and since 3 data groups are included in asub-frame, the data group of the corresponding parade is not assigned toone of the 4 VSB frames within a sub-frame.

For example, when it is assumed that one parade transmits one RS frame,and that a RS frame encoder (not shown) included in the transmittingsystem performs RS-encoding on the corresponding RS frame, therebyadding 24 bytes of parity data to the corresponding RS frame andtransmitting the processed RS frame, the parity data occupyapproximately 11.37% (=24/(187+24)×100) of the total code word length.Meanwhile, when one sub-frame includes 3 data groups, and when the datagroups included in the parade are assigned, as shown in FIG. 9, a totalof 15 data groups form an RS frame. Accordingly, even when an erroroccurs in an entire data group due to a burst noise within a channel,the percentile is merely 6.67% (= 1/15×100). Therefore, the receivingsystem may correct all errors by performing an erasure RS decodingprocess. More specifically, when the erasure RS decoding is performed, anumber of channel errors corresponding to the number of RS parity bytesmay be corrected. By doing so, the receiving system may correct theerror of at least one data group within one parade. Thus, the minimumburst noise length correctable by a RS frame is over 1 VSB frame.

Meanwhile, when data groups of a parade are assigned as shown in FIG. 9,either main service data may be assigned between each data group, ordata groups corresponding to different parades may be assigned betweeneach data group. More specifically, data groups corresponding tomultiple parades may be assigned to one MH frame.

Basically, the method of assigning data groups corresponding to multipleparades is very similar to the method of assigning data groupscorresponding to a single parade. In other words, data groups includedin other parades that are to be assigned to an MH frame are alsorespectively assigned according to a cycle period of 4 slots. At thispoint, data groups of a different parade may be sequentially assigned tothe respective slots in a circular method.

Herein, the data groups are assigned to slots starting from the ones towhich data groups of the previous parade have not yet been assigned.

For example, when it is assumed that data groups corresponding to aparade are assigned as shown in FIG. 9, data groups corresponding to thenext parade may be assigned to a sub-frame starting either from the12^(th) slot of a sub-frame. However, this is merely exemplary. Inanother example, the data groups of the next parade may also besequentially assigned to a different slot within a sub-frame at a cycleperiod of 4 slots starting from the 3^(rd) slot.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of transmitting 3 parades (Parade #0,Parade #1, and Parade #2) to an MH frame. More specifically, FIG. 10illustrates an example of transmitting parades included in one of 5sub-frames, wherein the 5 sub-frames configure one MH frame.

When the 1^(st) parade (Parade #0) includes 3 data groups for eachsub-frame, the positions of each data groups within the sub-frames maybe obtained by substituting values ‘0’ to ‘2’ for i in Equation 1. Morespecifically, the data groups of the 1^(st) parade (Parade #0) aresequentially assigned to the 1^(st), 5^(th), and 9^(th) slots (Slot #0,Slot #4, and Slot #8) within the sub-frame.

Also, when the 2^(nd) parade includes 2 data groups for each sub-frame,the positions of each data groups within the sub-frames may be obtainedby substituting values ‘3’ and ‘4’ for i in Equation 1. Morespecifically, the data groups of the 2^(nd) parade (Parade #1) aresequentially assigned to the 2^(nd) and 12^(th) slots (Slot #3 and Slot#11) within the sub-frame.

Finally, when the 3^(rd) parade includes 2 data groups for eachsub-frame, the positions of each data groups within the sub-frames maybe obtained by substituting values ‘5’ and ‘6’ for i in Equation 1. Morespecifically, the data groups of the 3^(rd) parade (Parade #2) aresequentially assigned to the 7^(th) and 11^(th) slots (Slot #6 and Slot#10) within the sub-frame.

As described above, data groups of multiple parades may be assigned to asingle MH frame, and, in each sub-frame, the data groups are seriallyallocated to a group space having 4 slots from left to right.

Therefore, a number of groups of one parade per sub-frame (NoG) maycorrespond to any one integer from ‘1’ to ‘8’. Herein, since one MHframe includes 5 sub-frames, the total number of data groups within aparade that can be allocated to an MH frame may correspond to any onemultiple of ‘5’ ranging from ‘5’ to ‘40’.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example of expanding the assignment process of 3parades, shown in FIG. 10, to 5 sub-frames within an MH frame.

FIG. 12 illustrates a data transmission structure according to anembodiment of the present invention, wherein signaling data are includedin a data group so as to be transmitted. As described above, an MH frameis divided into 5 sub-frames. Data groups corresponding to a pluralityof parades co-exist in each sub-frame. Herein, the data groupscorresponding to each parade are grouped by MH frame units, therebyconfiguring a single parade. The data structure shown in FIG. 12includes 3 parades, one ESG dedicated channel (EDC) parade (i.e., paradewith NoG=1), and 2 service parades (i.e., parade with NoG=4 and paradewith NoG=3). Also, a predetermined portion of each data group (i.e., 37bytes/data group) is used for delivering (or sending) FIC informationassociated with mobile service data, wherein the FIC information isseparately encoded from the RS-encoding process. The FIC region assignedto each data group consists of one FIC segments. Herein, each segment isinterleaved by MH sub-frame units, thereby configuring an FIC body,which corresponds to a completed FIC transmission structure. However,whenever required, each segment may be interleaved by MH frame units andnot by MH sub-frame units, thereby being completed in MH frame units.

Meanwhile, the concept of an MH ensemble is applied in the embodiment ofthe present invention, thereby defining a collection (or group) ofservices. Each MH ensemble carries the same QoS and is coded with thesame FEC code. Also, each MH ensemble has the same unique identifier(i.e., ensemble ID) and corresponds to consecutive RS frames.

As shown in FIG. 12, the FIC segment corresponding to each data groupdescribed service information of an MH ensemble to which thecorresponding data group belongs. When FIC segments within a sub-frameare grouped and deinterleaved, all service information of a physicalchannel through which the corresponding FICs are transmitted may beobtained. Therefore, the receiving system may be able to acquire thechannel information of the corresponding physical channel, after beingprocessed with physical channel tuning, during a sub-frame period.

Furthermore, FIG. 12 illustrates a structure further including aseparate EDC parade apart from the service parade and wherein electronicservice guide (ESG) data are transmitted in the 1^(st) slot of eachsub-frame.

Hierarchical Signaling Structure

FIG. 13 illustrates a hierarchical signaling structure according to anembodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, the mobilebroadcasting technology according to the embodiment of the presentinvention adopts a signaling method using FIC and SMT. In thedescription of the present invention, the signaling structure will bereferred to as a hierarchical signaling structure.

Hereinafter, a detailed description on how the receiving system accessesa virtual channel via FIC and SMT will now be given with reference toFIG. 13.

The FIC body defined in an MH transport (M1) identifies the physicallocation of each the data stream for each virtual channel and providesvery high level descriptions of each virtual channel.

Being MH ensemble level signaling information, the service map table(SMT) provides MH ensemble level signaling information. The SMT providesthe IP access information of each virtual channel belonging to therespective MH ensemble within which the SMT is carried. The SMT alsoprovides all IP stream component level information required for thevirtual channel service acquisition.

Referring to FIG. 13, each MH ensemble (i.e., Ensemble 0, Ensemble 1, .. . , Ensemble K) includes a stream information on each associated (orcorresponding) virtual channel (e.g., virtual channel 0 IP stream,virtual channel 1 IP stream, and virtual channel 2 IP stream). Forexample, Ensemble 0 includes virtual channel 0 IP stream and virtualchannel 1 IP stream. And, each MH ensemble includes diverse informationon the associated virtual channel (i.e., Virtual Channel 0 Table Entry,Virtual Channel 0 Access Info, Virtual Channel 1 Table Entry, VirtualChannel 1 Access Info, Virtual Channel 2 Table Entry, Virtual Channel 2Access Info, Virtual Channel N Table Entry, Virtual Channel N AccessInfo, and so on).

The FIC body payload includes information on MH ensembles (e.g.,ensemble_id field, and referred to as “ensemble location” in FIG. 13)and information on a virtual channel associated with the correspondingMH ensemble (e.g., when such information corresponds to amajor_channel_num field and a minor_channel_num field, the informationis expressed as Virtual Channel 0, Virtual Channel 1, Virtual Channel Nin FIG. 13).

The application of the signaling structure in the receiving system willnow be described in detail.

When a user selects a channel he or she wishes to view (hereinafter, theuser-selected channel will be referred to as “channel θ” forsimplicity), the receiving system first parses the received FIC. Then,the receiving system acquires information on an MH ensemble (i.e.,ensemble location), which is associated with the virtual channelcorresponding to channel θ (hereinafter, the corresponding MH ensemblewill be referred to as “MH ensemble θ” for simplicity). By acquiringslots only corresponding to the MH ensemble θ using the time-slicingmethod, the receiving system configures ensemble θ. The ensemble θconfigured as described above, includes an SMT on the associated virtualchannels (including channel θ) and IP streams on the correspondingvirtual channels. Therefore, the receiving system uses the SMT includedin the MH ensemble θ in order to acquire various information on channelθ (e.g., Virtual Channel θ Table Entry) and stream access information onchannel θ (e.g., Virtual Channel θ Access Info). The receiving systemuses the stream access information on channel θ to receive only theassociated IP streams, thereby providing channel θ services to the user.

Fast Information Channel (FIC)

The digital broadcast receiving system according to the presentinvention adopts the fast information channel (FIC) for a faster accessto a service that is currently being broadcasted.

More specifically, the FIC handler 215 of FIG. 1 parses the FIC body,which corresponds to an FIC transmission structure, and outputs theparsed result to the physical adaptation control signal handler 216.

FIG. 14 illustrates an exemplary FIC body format according to anembodiment of the present invention. According to the embodiment of thepresent invention, the FIC format consists of an FIC body header and anFIC body payload.

Meanwhile, according to the embodiment of the present invention, dataare transmitted through the FIC body header and the FIC body payload inFIC segment units. Each FIC segment has the size of 37 bytes, and eachFIC segment consists of a 2-byte FIC segment header and a 35-byte FICsegment payload. More specifically, an FIC body configured of an FICbody header and an FIC body payload, is segmented in units of 35 databytes, which are then carried in at least one FIC segment within the FICsegment payload, so as to be transmitted.

In the description of the present invention, an example of inserting oneFIC segment in one data group, which is then transmitted, will be given.In this case, the receiving system receives a slot corresponding to eachdata group by using a time-slicing method.

The signaling decoder 190 included in the receiving system shown in FIG.1 collects each FIC segment inserted in each data group. Then, thesignaling decoder 190 uses the collected FIC segments to created asingle FIC body. Thereafter, the signaling decoder 190 performs adecoding process on the FIC body payload of the created FIC body, sothat the decoded FIC body payload corresponds to an encoded result of asignaling encoder (not shown) included in the transmitting system.Subsequently, the decoded FIC body payload is outputted to the FIChandler 215. The FIC handler 215 parses the FIC data included in the FICbody payload, and then outputs the parsed FIC data to the physicaladaptation control signal handler 216. The physical adaptation controlsignal handler 216 uses the inputted FIC data to perform processesassociated with MH ensembles, virtual channels, SMTs, and so on.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when an FIC body issegmented, and when the size of the last segmented portion is smallerthan 35 data bytes, it is assumed that the lacking number of data bytesin the FIC segment payload is completed with by adding the same numberof stuffing bytes therein, so that the size of the last FIC segment canbe equal to 35 data bytes.

However, it is apparent that the above-described data byte values (i.e.,37 bytes for the FIC segment, 2 bytes for the FIC segment header, and 35bytes for the FIC segment payload) are merely exemplary, and will,therefore, not limit the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 15 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure withrespect to an FIC segment according to an embodiment of the presentinvention.

Herein, the FIC segment signifies a unit used for transmitting the FICdata. The FIC segment consists of an FIC segment header and an FICsegment payload. Referring to FIG. 15, the FIC segment payloadcorresponds to the portion starting from the ‘for’ loop statement.Meanwhile, the FIC segment header may include a FIC_type field, anerror_indicator field, an FIC_seg_number field, and anFIC_last_seg_number field. A detailed description of each field will nowbe given.

The FIC_type field is a 2-bit field indicating the type of thecorresponding FIC.

The error_indicator field is a 1-bit field, which indicates whether ornot an error has occurred within the FIC segment during datatransmission. If an error has occurred, the value of the error_indicatorfield is set to ‘1’. More specifically, when an error that has failed tobe recovered still remains during the configuration process of the FICsegment, the error_indicator field value is set to ‘1’. Theerror_indicator field enables the receiving system to recognize thepresence of an error within the FIC data.

The FIC_seg_number field is a 4-bit field. Herein, when a single FICbody is divided into a plurality of FIC segments and transmitted, theFIC_seg_number field indicates the number of the corresponding FICsegment. Finally, the FIC_last_seg_number field is also a 4-bit field.

The FIC_last_seg_number field indicates the number of the last FICsegment within the corresponding FIC body.

FIG. 16 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure withrespect to a payload of an FIC segment according to the presentinvention, when an FIC type field value is equal to ‘0’.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the payload of theFIC segment is divided into 3 different regions.

A first region of the FIC segment payload exists only when theFIC_seg_number field value is equal to ‘0’. Herein, the first region mayinclude a current_next_indicator field, an ESG_version field, and atransport_stream_id field. However, depending upon the embodiment of thepresent invention, it may be assumed that each of the 3 fields existsregardless of the FIC_seg_number field.

The current_next_indicator field is a 16-bit field. Thecurrent_next_indicator field acts as an indicator identifying whetherthe corresponding FIC data carry MH ensemble configuration informationof an MH frame including the current FIC segment, or whether thecorresponding FIC data carry MH ensemble configuration information of anext MH frame.

The ESG_version field is a 5-bit field indicating ESG versioninformation. Herein, by providing version information on the serviceguide providing channel of the corresponding ESG, the ESG_version fieldenables the receiving system to notify whether or not the correspondingESG has been updated.

Finally, the transport_stream_id field is a 16-bit field acting as aunique identifier of a broadcast stream through which the correspondingFIC segment is being transmitted.

A second region of the FIC segment payload corresponds to an ensembleloop region, which includes an ensemble_id field, an SI_version field,and a num_channel field.

More specifically, the ensemble_id field is an 8-bit field indicatingidentifiers of an MH ensemble through which MH services are transmitted.The MH services will be described in more detail in a later process.Herein, the ensemble_id field binds the MH services and the MH ensemble.

The SI_version field is a 4-bit field indicating version information ofSI data included in the corresponding ensemble, which is beingtransmitted within the RS frame.

Finally, the num_channel field is an 8-bit field indicating the numberof virtual channel being transmitted via the corresponding ensemble.

A third region of the FIC segment payload a channel loop region, whichincludes a channel_type field, a channel_activity field, a CA_indicatorfield, a stand_alone_service_indicator field, a major_channel_num field,and a minor_channel_num field. The channel_type field is a 5-bit fieldindicating a service type of the corresponding virtual channel.

For example, the channel_type field may indicates an audio/videochannel, an audio/video and data channel, an audio-only channel, adata-only channel, a file download channel, an ESG delivery channel, anotification channel, and so on.

The channel_activity field is a 2-bit field indicating activityinformation of the corresponding virtual channel. More specifically, thechannel_activity field may indicate whether the current virtual channelis providing the current service.

The CA_indicator field is a 1-bit field indicating whether or not aconditional access (CA) is applied to the current virtual channel.

The stand_alone_service_indicator field is also a 1-bit field, whichindicates whether the service of the corresponding virtual channelcorresponds to a stand alone service.

The major_channel_num field is an 8-bit field indicating amajor_channel_number of the corresponding virtual channel.

Finally, the minor_channel_num field is also an 8-bit field indicating aminor channel number of the corresponding virtual channel.

Service Table Map

FIG. 17 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of aservice map table (hereinafter referred to as “SMT”) according to thepresent invention.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the SMT isconfigured in an MPEG-2 private section format. However, this will notlimit the scope and spirit of the present invention. The SMT accordingto the embodiment of the present invention includes descriptioninformation for each virtual channel within a single MH ensemble. And,additional information may further be included in each descriptor area.

Herein, the SMT according to the embodiment of the present inventionincludes at least one field and is transmitted from the transmittingsystem to the receiving system.

As described in FIG. 3, the SMT section may be transmitted by beingincluded in the MH TP within the RS frame. In this case, each of the RSframe decoders 170 and 180, shown in FIG. 1, decodes the inputted RSframe, respectively. Then, each of the decoded RS frames is outputted tothe respective RS frame handler 211 and 212. Thereafter, each RS framehandler 211 and 212 identifies the inputted RS frame by row units, so asto create an MH TP, thereby outputting the created MH TP to the MH TPhandler 213.

When it is determined that the corresponding MH TP includes an SMTsection based upon the header in each of the inputted MH TP, the MH TPhandler 213 parses the corresponding SMT section, so as to output the SIdata within the parsed SMT section to the physical adaptation controlsignal handler 216. However, this is limited to when the SMT is notencapsulated to IP datagrams.

Meanwhile, when the SMT is not encapsulated to IP datagrams, and when itis determined that the corresponding MH TP includes an SMT section basedupon the header in each of the inputted MH TP, the MH TP handler 213outputs the SMT section to the IP network stack 220. Accordingly, the IPnetwork stack 220 performs IP and UDP processes on the inputted SMTsection and, then, outputs the processed SMT section to the SI handler240. The SI handler 240 parses the inputted SMT section and controls thesystem so that the parsed SI data can be stored in the storage unit 290.

The following corresponds to example of the fields that may betransmitted through the SMT.

The table_id field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer number,which indicates the type of table section. The table_id field allows thecorresponding table to be defined as the service map table (SMT).

The ensemble_id field is an 8-bit unsigned integer field, whichcorresponds to an ID value associated to the corresponding MH ensemble.Herein, the ensemble_id field may be assigned with a value ranging fromrange ‘0x00’ to ‘0x3F’. It is preferable that the value of theensemble_id field is derived from the parade_id of the TPC data, whichis carried from the baseband processor of MH physical layer subsystem.When the corresponding MH ensemble is transmitted through (or carriedover) the primary RS frame, a value of ‘0’ may be used for the mostsignificant bit (MSB), and the remaining 7 bits are used as theparade_id value of the associated MH parade (i.e., for the leastsignificant 7 bits). Alternatively, when the corresponding MH ensembleis transmitted through (or carried over) the secondary RS frame, a valueof ‘1’ may be used for the most significant bit (MSB).

The num_channels field is an 8-bit field, which specifies the number ofvirtual channels in the corresponding SMT section.

Meanwhile, the SMT according to the embodiment of the present inventionprovides information on a plurality of virtual channels using the ‘for’loop statement.

The major_channel_num field corresponds to an 8-bit field, whichrepresents the major channel number associated with the correspondingvirtual channel. Herein, the major_channel_num field may be assignedwith a value ranging from ‘0x00’ to ‘0xFF’.

The minor_channel_num field corresponds to an 8-bit field, whichrepresents the minor channel number associated with the correspondingvirtual channel. Herein, the minor_channel_num field may be assignedwith a value ranging from ‘0x00’ to ‘0xFF’.

The short channel name field indicates the short name of the virtualchannel.

The service_id field is a 16-bit unsigned integer number (or value),which identifies the virtual channel service.

The service_type field is a 6-bit enumerated type field, whichdesignates the type of service carried in the corresponding virtualchannel as defined in Table 2 below.

TABLE 2 0x00 [Reserved] 0x01 MH_digital_television field: the virtualchannel carries television programming (audio, video and optionalassociated data) conforming to ATSC standards. 0x02 MH_audio field: thevirtual channel carries audio programming (audio service and optionalassociated data) conforming to ATSC standards. 0x03 MH_data_only_servicefield: the virtual channel carries a data service conforming to ATSCstandards, but no video or audio component. 0x04 to 0xFF [Reserved forfuture ATSC usage]

The virtual_channel_activity field is a 2-bit enumerated fieldidentifying the activity status of the corresponding virtual channel.When the most significant bit (MSB) of the virtual_channel_activityfield is ‘1’, the virtual channel is active, and when the mostsignificant bit (MSB) of the virtual_channel_activity field is ‘0’, thevirtual channel is inactive. Also, when the least significant bit (LSB)of the virtual_channel_activity field is ‘1’, the virtual channel ishidden (when set to 1), and when the least significant bit (LSB) of thevirtual_channel_activity field is ‘0’, the virtual channel is nothidden.

The num_components field is a 5-bit field, which specifies the number ofIP stream components in the corresponding virtual channel.

The IP_version_flag field corresponds to a 1-bit indicator. Morespecifically, when the value of the IP_version_flag field is set to ‘1’,this indicates that a source_IP_address field, avirtual_channel_target_IP_address field, and acomponent_target_IP_address field are IPv6 addresses. Alternatively,when the value of the IP_version_flag field is set to ‘0’, thisindicates that the source_IP_address field, thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address field, and thecomponent_target_IP_address field are IPv4.

The source_IP_address_flag field is a 1-bit Boolean flag, whichindicates, when set, that a source IP address of the correspondingvirtual channel exist for a specific multicast source.

The virtual_channel_target_IP_address_flag field is a 1-bit Booleanflag, which indicates, when set, that the corresponding IP streamcomponent is delivered through IP datagrams with target IP addressesdifferent from the virtual_channel_target_IP_address. Therefore, whenthe flag is set, the receiving system (or receiver) uses thecomponent_target_IP_address as the target_IP_address in order to accessthe corresponding IP stream component. Accordingly, the receiving system(or receiver) may ignore the virtual_channel_target_IP_address fieldincluded in the num_channels loop.

The source_IP_address field corresponds to a 32-bit or 128-bit field.Herein, the source_IP_address field will be significant (or present),when the value of the source_IP_address_flag field is set to ‘1’.However, when the value of the source_IP_address_flag field is set to‘0’, the source_IP_address field will become insignificant (or absent).More specifically, when the source_IP_address_flag field value is set to‘1’, and when the IP_version_flag field value is set to ‘0’, thesource_IP_address field indicates a 32-bit IPv4 address, which shows thesource of the corresponding virtual channel. Alternatively, when theIP_version_flag field value is set to ‘1’, the source_IP_address fieldindicates a 128-bit IPv6 address, which shows the source of thecorresponding virtual channel.

The virtual_channel_target_IP_address field also corresponds to a 32-bitor 128-bit field. Herein, the virtual_channel_target_IP_address fieldwill be significant (or present), when the value of thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address_flag field is set to ‘1’. However,when the value of the virtual_channel_target_IP_address_flag field isset to ‘0’, the virtual_channel_target_IP_address field will becomeinsignificant (or absent). More specifically, when thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address_flag field value is set to ‘1’, andwhen the IP_version_flag field value is set to ‘0’, thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address field indicates a 32-bit target IPv4address associated to the corresponding virtual channel. Alternatively,when the virtual_channel_target_IP_address_flag field value is set to‘1’, and when the IP_version_flag field value is set to ‘1’, thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address field indicates a 64-bit target IPv6address associated to the corresponding virtual channel. If thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address field is insignificant (or absent),the component_target_IP_address field within the num_channels loopshould become significant (or present). And, in order to enable thereceiving system to access the IP stream component, thecomponent_target_IP_address field should be used.

The EMT_activity_flag field indicates whether program table informationincluding additional information associated with the correspondingensemble exists. The program table information may describe informationon an additional service that is not described in a service of thecorresponding ensemble in the SMT. Herein, the program table informationwill be referred to as an extended service map table (EMT). And, the EMTwill now be described in more detail. The receiving system (or receiver)uses the EMT_activity_flag field to determine whether an extendedservice map table (EMT), which describes additional service informationassociated with the corresponding SMT, is additionally transmitted inthe broadcast signal. For example, when the EMT_activity_flag fieldvalue is equal to ‘1’, the EMT is transmitted to the correspondingensemble. On the other hand, when the EMT_activity_flag field value isequal to ‘0’, the EMT is not transmitted to the corresponding ensemble.

Meanwhile, the SMT according to the embodiment of the present inventionuses a ‘for’ loop statement in order to provide information on aplurality of components.

Herein, the RTP_payload_type field, which is assigned with 7 bits,identifies the encoding format of the component based upon Table 3 shownbelow. When the IP stream component is not encapsulated to RTP, theRTP_payload_type field shall be ignored (or deprecated). Table 3 belowshows an example of an RTP payload type.

TABLE 3 RTP_payload_type Meaning 35 AVC video 36 MH audio 37 to 72[Reserved for future ATSC use]

The component_target_IP_address_flag field is a 1-bit Boolean flag,which indicates, when set, that the corresponding IP stream component isdelivered through IP datagrams with target IP addresses different fromthe virtual_channel_target_IP_address. Furthermore, when thecomponent_target_IP_address_flag is set, the receiving system (orreceiver) uses the component_target_IP_address field as the target IPaddress for accessind the corresponding IP stream component.Accordingly, the receiving system (or receiver) will ignore thevirtual_channel_target_IP_address field included in the num_channelsloop.

The component_target_IP_address field corresponds to a 32-bit or 128-bitfield. Herein, when the value of the IP_version_flag field is set to‘0’, the component_target_IP_address field indicates a 32-bit targetIPv4 address associated to the corresponding IP stream component. And,when the value of the IP_version_flag field is set to ‘1’, thecomponent_target_IP_address field indicates a 128-bit target IPv6address associated to the corresponding IP stream component.

The port_num_count field is a 6-bit field, which indicates the number ofUDP ports associated with the corresponding IP stream component. Atarget UDP port number value starts from the target_UDP_port_num fieldvalue and increases (or is incremented) by 1. For the RTP stream, thetarget UDP port number should start from the target_UDP_port_num fieldvalue and shall increase (or be incremented) by 2. This is toincorporate RTCP streams associated with the RTP streams.

The target_UDP_port_num field is a 16-bit unsigned integer field, whichrepresents the target UDP port number for the corresponding IP streamcomponent. When used for RTP streams, the value of thetarget_UDP_port_num field shall correspond to an even number. And, thenext higher value shall represent the target UDP port number of theassociated RTCP stream.

The component_level_descriptor( ) represents zero or more descriptorsproviding additional information on the corresponding IP streamcomponent.

The virtual_channel_level_descriptor( ) represents zero or moredescriptors providing additional information for the correspondingvirtual channel.

The ensemble_level_descriptor( ) represents zero or more descriptorsproviding additional information for the MH ensemble, which is describedby the corresponding SMT.

FIG. 18 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHaudio descriptor according to the present invention.

When at least one audio service is present as a component of the currentevent, the MH_audio_descriptor( ) shall be used as acomponent_level_descriptor of the SMT. The MH_audio_descriptor( ) may becapable of informing the system of the audio language type and stereomode status. If there is no audio service associated with the currentevent, then it is preferable that the MH_audio_descriptor( ) isconsidered to be insignificant (or absent) for the current event.

Each field shown in the bit stream syntax of FIG. 18 will now bedescribed in detail.

The descriptor_tag field is an 8-bit unsigned integer having a TBDvalue, which indicates that the corresponding descriptor is theMH_audio_descriptor( )

The descriptor_length field is also an 8-bit unsigned integer, whichindicates the length (in bytes) of the portion immediately following thedescriptor_length field up to the end of the MH_audio_descriptor( )

The channel_configuration field corresponds to an 8-bit field indicatingthe number and configuration of audio channels. The values ranging from‘1’ to ‘6’ respectively indicate the number and configuration of audiochannels as given for “Default bit stream index number” in Table 42 ofISO/IEC 13818-7:2006. All other values indicate that the number andconfiguration of audio channels are undefined.

The sample_rate_code field is a 3-bit field, which indicates the samplerate of the encoded audio data. Herein, the indication may correspond toone specific sample rate, or may correspond to a set of values thatinclude the sample rate of the encoded audio data as defined in TableA3.3 of ATSC A/52B.

The bit_rate_code field corresponds to a 6-bit field. Herein, among the6 bits, the lower 5 bits indicate a nominal bit rate. More specifically,when the most significant bit (MSB) is ‘0’, the corresponding bit rateis exact. On the other hand, when the most significant bit (MSB) is ‘0’,the bit rate corresponds to an upper limit as defined in Table A3.4 ofATSC A/53B.

The ISO_(—)639_language_code field is a 24-bit (i.e., 3-byte) fieldindicating the language used for the audio stream component, inconformance with ISO 639.2/B [x]. When a specific language is notpresent in the corresponding audio stream component, the value of eachbyte will be set to ‘0x00’.

FIG. 19 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHRTP payload type descriptor according to the present invention.

The MH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ) specifies the RTP payload type.Yet, the MH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ) exists only when the dynamicvalue of the RTP_payload_type field within the num_components loop ofthe SMT is in the range of ‘96’ to ‘127’. TheMH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ) is used as acomponent_level_descriptor of the SMT.

The MH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor translates (or matches) a dynamicRTP_payload_type field value into (or with) a MIME type. Accordingly,the receiving system (or receiver) may collect (or gather) the encodingformat of the IP stream component, which is encapsulated in RTP.

The fields included in the MH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ) will now bedescribed in detail.

The descriptor_tag field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer havingthe value TBD, which identifies the current descriptor as theMH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ).

The descriptor_length field also corresponds to an 8-bit unsignedinteger, which indicates the length (in bytes) of the portionimmediately following the descriptor_length field up to the end of theMH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( )

The RTP_payload_type field corresponds to a 7-bit field, whichidentifies the encoding format of the IP stream component. Herein, thedynamic value of the RTP_payload_type field is in the range of ‘96’ to‘127’.

The MIME_type_length field specifies the length (in bytes) of theMIME_type field.

The MIME_type field indicates the MIME_type corresponding to theencoding format of the IP stream component, which is described by theMH_RTP_payload_type_descriptor( ).

FIG. 20 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHcurrent event descriptor according to the present invention.

The MH_current_event_descriptor( ) shall be used as thevirtual_channel_level_descriptor( ) within the SMT. Herein, theMH_current_event_descriptor( ) provides basic information on the currentevent (e.g., the start time, duration, and title of the current event,etc.), which is transmitted via the respective virtual channel.

The fields included in the MH_current_event_descriptor( ) will now bedescribed in detail.

The descriptor_tag field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer havingthe value TBD, which identifies the current descriptor as theMH_current_event_descriptor( ).

The descriptor_length field also corresponds to an 8-bit unsignedinteger, which indicates the length (in bytes) of the portionimmediately following the descriptor_length field up to the end of theMH_current_event_descriptor( ).

The current_event_start_time field corresponds to a 32-bit unsignedinteger quantity. The current_event_start_time field represents thestart time of the current event and, more specifically, as the number ofGPS seconds since 00:00:00 UTC, Jan. 6, 1980.

The current_event_duration field corresponds to a 24-bit field. Herein,the current_event_duration field indicates the duration of the currentevent in hours, minutes, and seconds (wherein the format is in 6 digits,4-bit BCD=24 bits).

The title_length field specifies the length (in bytes) of the title_textfield. Herein, the value ‘0’ indicates that there are no titles existingfor the corresponding event.

The title_text field indicates the title of the corresponding event inevent title in the format of a multiple string structure as defined inATSC A/65C [x].

FIG. 21 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHnext event descriptor according to the present invention.

The optional MH_next_event_descriptor( ) shall be used as thevirtual_channel_level_descriptor( ) within the SMT. Herein, theMH_next_event_descriptor( ) provides basic information on the next event(e.g., the start time, duration, and title of the next event, etc.),which is transmitted via the respective virtual channel. The fieldsincluded in the MH_next_event_descriptor( ) will now be described indetail.

The descriptor_tag field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer havingthe value TBD, which identifies the current descriptor as theMH_next_event_descriptor( ).

The descriptor_length field also corresponds to an 8-bit unsignedinteger, which indicates the length (in bytes) of the portionimmediately following the descriptor_length field up to the end of theMH_next_event_descriptor( ).

The next_event_start_time field corresponds to a 32-bit unsigned integerquantity. The next_event_start_time field represents the start time ofthe next event and, more specifically, as the number of GPS secondssince 00:00:00 UTC, Jan. 6, 1980.

The next event duration field corresponds to a 24-bit field. Herein, thenext event duration field indicates the duration of the next event inhours, minutes, and seconds (wherein the format is in 6 digits, 4-bitBCD=24 bits).

The title_length field specifies the length (in bytes) of the title_textfield. Herein, the value ‘0’ indicates that there are no titles existingfor the corresponding event.

The title_text field indicates the title of the corresponding event inevent title in the format of a multiple string structure as defined inATSC A/65C [x].

FIG. 22 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an MHsystem time descriptor according to the present invention.

The MH_system_time_descriptor( ) shall be used as theensemble_level_descriptor( ) within the SMT. Herein, theMH_system_time_descriptor( ) provides information on current time anddate. The MH_system_time_descriptor( ) also provides information on thetime zone in which the transmitting system (or transmitter) transmittingthe corresponding broadcast stream is located, while taking intoconsideration the mobile/portable characterstics of the MH service data.

The fields included in the MH_system_time_descriptor( ) will now bedescribed in detail.

The descriptor_tag field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer havingthe value TBD, which identifies the current descriptor as theMH_system_time_descriptor( ).

The descriptor_length field also corresponds to an 8-bit unsignedinteger, which indicates the length (in bytes) of the portionimmediately following the descriptor_length field up to the end of theMH_system_time_descriptor( ).

The system_time field corresponds to a 32-bit unsigned integer quantity.The system_time field represents the current system time and, morespecifically, as the number of GPS seconds since 00:00:00 UTC, Jan. 6,1980.

The GPS_UTC_offset field corresponds to an 8-bit unsigned integer, whichdefines the current offset in whole seconds between GPS and UTC timestandards. In order to convert GPS time to UTC time, the GPS_UTC_offsetis subtracted from GPS time. Whenever the International Bureau ofWeights and Measures decides that the current offset is too far inerror, an additional leap second may be added (or subtracted).Accordingly, the GPS_UTC_offset field value will reflect the change.

The time_zone_offset_polarity field is a 1-bit field, which indicateswhether the time of the time zone, in which the broadcast station islocated, exceeds (or leads or is faster) or falls behind (or lags or isslower) than the UTC time. When the value of thetime_zone_offset_polarity field is equal to ‘0’, this indicates that thetime on the current time zone exceeds the UTC time. Therefore, thetime_zone_offset_polarity field value is added to the UTC time value.Conversely, when the value of the time_zone_offset_polarity field isequal to ‘1’, this indicates that the time on the current time zonefalls behind the UTC time. Therefore, the time_zone_offset_polarityfield value is subtracted from the UTC time value.

The time zone offset field is a 31-bit unsigned integer quantity. Morespecifically, the time_zone_offset field represents, in GPS seconds, thetime offset of the time zone in which the broadcast station is located,when compared to the UTC time.

The daylight_savings field corresponds to a 16-bit field providinginformation on the Summer Time (i.e., the Daylight Savings Time).

The time_zone field corresponds to a (5×8)-bit field indicating the timezone, in which the transmitting system (or transmitter) transmitting thecorresponding broadcast stream is located.

FIG. 23 illustrates segmentation and encapsulation processes of aservice map table (SMT) according to the present invention.

According to the present invention, the SMT is encapsulated to UDP,while including a target IP address and a target UDP port number withinthe IP datagram. More specifically, the SMT is first segmented into apredetermined number of sections, then encapsulated to a UDP header, andfinally encapsulated to an IP header.

In addition, the SMT section provides signaling information on allvirtual channel included in the MH ensemble including the correspondingSMT section. At least one SMT section describing the MH ensemble isincluded in each RS frame included in the corresponding MH ensemble.Finally, each SMT section is identified by an ensemble_id included ineach section. According to the embodiment of the present invention, byinforming the receiving system of the target IP address and target UDPport number, the corresponding data (i.e., target IP address and targetUDP port number) may be parsed without having the receiving system torequest for other additional information.

For example, when the EMT_activity_flag field value in the SMT is equalto ‘1’ (i.e., when information that EMT is to be transmitted is set up),the EMT linked to the SMT may be transmitted to the ensemble, in whichthe SMT is transmitted. Just as the SMT, the EMT may be transmitted toeach ensemble by sections, which is the transmission unit of the EMT.Herein, the EMT may include a descriptor that describes the additionalservices transmitted by each ensemble. In the example shown in FIG. 24,information are set to indicate that the EMT is being transmitted to theSMT of both Ensemble 1 and Ensemble K. Furthermore, it is also indicatedthat EMT 1, which is linked to SMT Section 1, and EMT K, which is linkedto SMT Section K, are also transmitted to Ensemble 1 and Ensemble K,respectively. Contents of the EMT will hereinafter be described indetail.

FIG. 24 illustrates a flow chart for accessing a virtual channel usingFIC and SMT according to the present invention.

More specifically, a physical channel is tuned (S501). And, when it isdetermined that an MH signal exists in the tuned physical channel(S502), the corresponding MH signal is demodulated (S503). Additionally,FIC segments are grouped from the demodulated MH signal in sub-frameunits (S504 and S505).

According to the embodiment of the present invention, an FIC segment isinserted in a data group, so as to be transmitted. More specifically,the FIC segment corresponding to each data group describes serviceinformation on the MH ensemble to which the corresponding data groupbelongs. When the FIC segments are grouped in sub-frame units and, then,deinterleaved, all service information on the physical channel throughwhich the corresponding FIC segment is transmitted may be acquired.Therefore, after the tuning process, the receiving system may acquirechannel information on the corresponding physical channel during asub-frame period. Once the FIC segments are grouped, in S504 and S505, abroadcast stream through which the corresponding FIC segment is beingtransmitted is identified (S506). For example, the broadcast stream maybe identified by parsing the transport_stream_id field of the FIC body,which is configured by grouping the FIC segments.

Furthermore, an ensemble identifier, a major channel number, a minorchannel number, channel type information, and so on, are extracted fromthe FIC body (S507). And, by using the extracted ensemble information,only the slots corresponding to the designated ensemble are acquired byusing the time-slicing method, so as to configure an ensemble (S508).

Subsequently, the RS frame corresponding to the designated ensemble isdecoded (S509), and an IP socket is opened for SMT reception (S510).According to the example given in the embodiment of the presentinvention, the SMT is encapsulated to UDP, while including a target IPaddress and a target UDP port number within the IP datagram. Morespecifically, the SMT is first segmented into a predetermined number ofsections, then encapsulated to a UDP header, and finally encapsulated toan IP header. According to the embodiment of the present invention, byinforming the receiving system of the target IP address and target UDPport number, the receiving system parses the SMT sections and thedescriptors of each SMT section without requesting for other additionalinformation (S511).

The SMT section provides signaling information on all virtual channelincluded in the MH ensemble including the corresponding SMT section. Atleast one SMT section describing the MH ensemble is included in each RSframe included in the corresponding MH ensemble. Also, each SMT sectionis identified by an ensemble_id included in each section. The SMT mayinclude information indicating whether or not EMT, which transmitsinformation on additional services, is transmitted to the correspondingensemble. Furthermore each SMT provides IP access information on eachvirtual channel subordinate to the corresponding MH ensemble includingeach SMT. Finally, the SMT provides IP stream component levelinformation required for the servicing of the corresponding virtualchannel.

Therefore, by using the information parsed from the SMT, the IP streamcomponent belonging to the virtual channel requested for reception maybe accessed (S513). Accordingly, the service associated with thecorresponding virtual channel is provided to the user (S514).

If it is determined in Step 512 that the SMT includes informationindicating that an EMT exists in the corresponding ensemble (S515:‘YES’), the EMT may be parsed in the corresponding ensemble so as toacquire the additional information (S516). Thereafter, by using theinformation acquired in Step 516, the additional services, which cannotbe described by the SMT, may be described, and the correspondingadditional services may then be provided.

FIG. 25 illustrates an exemplary bit stream syntax structure of an EMTaccording to another embodiment of the present invention. Theabove-described SMT may describe a stream included in theservice-providing virtual channel and channel information on thecorresponding virtual channel. And, when the EMT_activity_flag field ofthe SMT is set up, an EMT, which is added to the SMT so as to describethe services that are to be provided, is transmitted.

Accordingly, the SMT may enable audio/video/data streams of thebroadcast signal to be swiftly or quickly outputted from the digitalbroadcast receiving system. And, the EMT may either provide moredetailed information on each virtual channel or describe the additionalservices.

Contents of the EMT will now be described in detail.

The table_id field is an 8-bit table identifier, which may be set up asan identifier for identifying the EMT. The section_syntax_indicatorfield corresponds to an indicator defining the section format of theEMT. For example, the section format may correspond to MPEG long-formsyntax.

The Private indicator field indicates whether or not he EMT follows (oris in accordance with) a private section. The reserved field correspondsto a non-designated field, and the value of the reserved field may, forexample, be set to ‘1’.

The section length field indicates the section length of thecorresponding EMT. The transport_stream_id field represents atransport_stream indicator of a physical channel through which thecorresponding EMT is being transmitted. Herein, also, the reserved fieldcorresponds to a non-designated field, and the value of the reservedfield may, for example, be set to ‘1’.

The version_number field indicates the version number of thecorresponding EMT. The current_next_indicator field indicates whetherthe data included in subsequent EMT sections are currently applicable.The section_number field indicates the section number of thecorresponding EMT.

The last_section_number field indicates the last section number of thecorresponding EMT. The EMT_protocol_version field indicates the protocolversion of the corresponding EMT section.

The ensemble_id field indicates an identification number of the ensemblewhich the EMT describes. The num_channels field indicates the number ofchannels included in the corresponding ensemble.

The major_channel_number field indicates the major channel number of thecorresponding virtual channel, and the minor_channel_number fieldindicates the minor channel number of the corresponding virtual channel.

The num_components field indicates the number of components included inthe corresponding virtual channel.

The EMT may include a descriptor with respect to each level. Forexample, the EMT may include a descriptor for a component level (i.e.,component_level_descriptor), a descriptor for an event level (i.e.,event_level_descriptor), a descriptor for a virtual channel level (i.e.,virtual_channel_level_descriptor), and a descriptor for an ensemblelevel (i.e., ensemble_level_descriptor).

More specifically, the component_level_descriptor may includeinformation on the corresponding component.

The num_events field indicates a number of events included in an event.

And, the event_level_descriptor may include information on thecorresponding event. Furthermore, the virtual_channel_level_descriptorand ensemble descriptor for each virtual channel may respectivelyinclude information on the corresponding virtual channel and thecorresponding ensemble (i.e., ensemble_level_descriptor).

For example, the SMT describes basic information on a virtual channel ofan ensemble, whereas the EMT may deliver (or transmit) additionalservice information or detailed information on additional service withrespect to the virtual channel included in the corresponding ensemblevia descriptors for each level. The descriptor for the EMT may includeprogram guide information for the virtual channel, informationassociated with data broadcasting, information associated withinteractive services, permission information associated with whether ornot access to each virtual channel has been permitted, and so on.

Furthermore, a descriptor for an audio component among the virtualchannel components shown in FIG. 18, a descriptor for which the virtualchannel describes a current/next event, as shown in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20,and a descriptor describing a system time, as shown in FIG. 22, may beincluded in the EMT so as to be transmitted and received.

Also, the above-described EMT (or SMT according to the second embodimentof the present invention) may be divided into constant units, such assection units. Herein, each of the section units may describe anensemble.

When an SMT is received, the SI handler 240 of the receiving systemshown in FIG. 1 may parse the SMT. Herein, when the SI handler 240acquires information indicating that an EMT included in the SMT is beingreceived, the SI handler 240 may receive the EMT from the IP networkstack 220. The SI handler 240 may include an EMT parser, which parsesdetailed information on the virtual channel included in the EMT and,then, stores the parsed information in the storage unit 290. The MHmanagement processor 200 reads the information parsed from the EMT fromthe storage unit 290. Then, the MH management processor 200 delivers (orsends) the read information to the MH baseband processor 100 or the MHpresentation processor 300.

For example, when the information parsed from the EMT corresponds toinformation associated with a current or next event, or when theinformation parsed from the EMT corresponds to information associatedwith data broadcasting, the MH presentation processor 300 may controlthe system so that the information associated with an event orinformation associated with data broadcasting, which is delivered to theEMT, can be displayed to the user.

Furthermore, when the additional information parsed from the EMTcorresponds to permission information on the storage or copying ofspecific broadcast data content, the MH management processor 200 maystore or copy the broadcast data content received from a broadcastsignal based upon the corresponding permission information.

For example, when the application manager activates an application foradditional service, such as data broadcasting, and when the additionalservice information transmitted to the EMT is read from the storage unit290, the corresponding additional service information may be used toprovide the additional service to the user.

Therefore, by using the information delivered to the above-described EMT(or SMT according to the second embodiment of the present invention),the receiving system (or receiver) may provide additional serviceinformation, which is associated with the corresponding ensemble,virtual channel, and component of the virtual channel, to the user alongwith the broadcast signal.

As described above, the present invention may provide a servicetransmitted through a virtual channel by using the SMT. The presentinvention may also identify that the EMT is being transmitted from theSMT. Furthermore, the present invention may acquire detailed additionalinformation associated with the component included in the virtualchannel, the event, the virtual channel, and the ensemble from the EMT.

Thereafter, the present invention may provide the detailed additionalinformation acquired from the EMT as an additional service.

FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of a descriptor, whichincludes event information transmitted as program table information(EMT). In FIG. 26, the descriptor is illustrated asMH_schedule_short_event_descriptor. And, an identifier ofMH_schedule_short_event_descriptor is set in a descriptor_tag field, anda length of the descriptor is set in a descriptor_length field.

An MH_event_id field represents an event identifier provided to themobile service data. An event_start_time field represents a start timeof an event according to the event identifier. An event_duration fieldrepresents a duration of the event according to the event identifier.

An ISO_(—)639_language_code field represents title information andlanguage information of the descriptor. A title_length field representsa size of title_text, and a title_text field represents a title of acorresponding event.

Also, the MH_schedule_short_event_descriptor can further include adescriptor, which includes a text describing a corresponding event indetail. The above descriptor is included in any one of a component leveldescriptor, a virtual channel level descriptor, and an ensemble leveldescriptor, which are illustrated in FIG. 26, so as to provideadditional service for the mobile service data.

FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating another example of a descriptor whichincludes event information transmitted as program table information(EMT).

In FIG. 27, the descriptor illustrated asMH_schedule_extended_event_descriptor. The descriptor of FIG. 27 canprovide event related information more than that illustrated in FIG. 26.

The identifier of the MH_schedule_short_event_descriptor is set in thedescriptor_tag field, and a length of the descriptor is set in thedescriptor_length field.

An MH_event_id field represents an event identifier within a serviceprovided to the mobile service data. An event_start_time fieldrepresents a start time of an event according to the event identifier.Also, an event_duration field represents a duration of the eventaccording to the event identifier.

An ISO_(—)639_language_code field represents language information ofinformation, which will be described later.

A length of items field represents the number of items, which will bedescribed later.

Although the event can be divided into its start time and its timelength, since the item designates detailed service contents constitutingthe service, several items can be included in one servicecontemporarily.

For example, in case of audio service, singer, title, composition,writing songs, playing, and the words of a song could be items of thecorresponding service.

An item_description_length field represents a length of anitem_description( ) field, and the item_description( ) field is textinformation identifying each item, wherein examples of the textinformation include singer, song title, composer, writer, player, andthe words of a song.

An item_char_length field represents a length of an item_char( ) field,and the item_char( ) field is information describing each item, whereinexamples of the information include singer name, song title, composer,writer, player, and the detailed words of a song.

A text_length field represents a length of a text_char( ) field, and thetext_char( ) field can be set as information describing additionaldescription information for each item. For example, an example ofinformation describing singer can include information describing itemsuch as Korean best dance group.

For example, if a service which includes event information and iteminformation illustrated in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27 is provided, the SIhandler 240 of the receiving system illustrated in FIG. 1 parses eventor item related information from the descriptor included in the EMT asillustrated in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27 and stores the parsed information inthe storage unit 290.

The ESG decoder 280 decodes event and item information of the servicestored in the storage unit 290 and outputs the decoded data to the MHpresentation processor 300. The presentation controller 330 of the MHpresentation processor 300 controls the system to provide serviceschedule or service event and item information to the user usingadditional service information stored in the storage unit 290, forexample, event or item related information of the service. In this case,the application manager 350 can drive an application related to serviceschedule. The driven application can generate service guide informationusing the service event and item information and can provide thegenerated service guide information to the user.

Accordingly, the digital broadcasting receiving system can provideadditional service information related to ensemble, virtual channel,component of the virtual channel to the user together with broadcastingsignal using the information transferred to the EMT.

FIG. 28 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a data processingmethod, which provides additional service information of the mobileservice data as illustrated above.

The broadcasting signal where the mobile service data are multiplexedwith the main service data is received (S601). For example, thebroadcasting signal can follow a format of the MH broadcasting signalillustrated above. Transmission-parameter-channel signaling informationand fast-information-channel signaling information are extracted fromthe data group within the mobile service data to provide a broadcastingservice including audio/video, and virtual channel information ofensemble corresponding to the virtual channel group of the receivedmobile service data and program table information (for example, SMT)describing the service are parsed. Then, audio/video service of theselected virtual channel can be output.

The program table information (for example, EMT), which includes thedescriptor describing the event information, is identified from thebroadcasting signal (S603). Among the program table information such asPSI/PSIP, program table information, which includes the descriptordescribing event information of the service provided by ensemble, can beobtained. Whether the program table information (for example, EMT),which includes the descriptor describing event information, is receivedin the ensemble can be identified from a field value of the programtable information (for example, SMT) describing service and virtualchannel information of the ensemble.

The program table information (for example, EMT), which includes thedescriptor describing event information, is parsed, and the parsed eventinformation is stored (S605). The descriptors, which include detailedevent information, have been illustrated in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27, and thedetailed event information has been already illustrated.

For example, the aforementioned EMT can include service guideinformation, which includes event or item information of the mobileservice data illustrated in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27.

If the user requests the service guide information, the service guideinformation is displayed for the user using the event information of thestored mobile service data (S607).

If the user requests the service guide information, for example, if theapplication related to service guide is driven, the digital broadcastingsystem can display service guide information for the user in theapplication selected or requested by the user.

The present invention is advantageous in that the digital broadcastingsystem is robust to error when the mobile service data are transmittedthrough a channel, and can be compatible with the existing receiver.Also, the digital broadcasting system can receive the mobile servicedata without any error even in a channel having ghost and strong noise.Moreover, since the known data are inserted to a predetermined positionof the data region, it is possible to improve the receiving performanceof the receiving system under the channel variable environment. Inparticular, the present invention is more effective when it is appliedto a mobile receiver of which channel change is frequent and whichrequires robustness to noise.

Finally, according to the present invention, if the mobile service dataare multiplexed with the main service data, additional service for themobile service data can be provided.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variousmodifications and variations can be made in the present inventionwithout departing from the spirit or scope of the inventions. Thus, itis intended that the present invention covers the modifications andvariations of this invention provided they come within the scope of theappended claims and their equivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of processing broadcast data in abroadcast transmitter, the method comprising: FEC (Forward ErrorCorrection) encoding broadcast service data; encoding the FEC encodedbroadcast service data; encoding transmission parameters includingspecific code rates and FIC (fast information channel) data carryingcross-layer information to enable fast service acquisition, wherein thetransmission parameters further include version information indicating aversion of the FIC data; generating data frames including the encodedbroadcast service data, the transmission parameters and the FIC data;and transmitting broadcast signals including the data frames, whereinthe data frames include at least two of different profiles of thebroadcast service data.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the FIC datais divided into a number of FIC segments.
 3. The method of claim 2,wherein the FIC segment includes an FIC segment header and an FICsegment payload.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the FIC segmentheader includes: error indication information for indicating whether anerror is detected in the FIC segment.
 5. The method of claim 4, whereinthe FIC segment header further includes: segment number informationindicating a numbering of the FIC segment among FIC segments of the FICdata; last segment number information indicating a numbering of a lastFIC segment of the FIC data; and type information indicating a type ofdata carried in the FIC segment.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein thedata frames further include a signaling information element, wherein thesignaling information element provides service acquisition informationfor broadcast services, wherein the signaling information elementincludes an audio component sub element describing an audio streamcomponent of a mobile service, and wherein the audio component subelement includes: sampling rate information identifying an outputsampling rate of the audio stream component; and audio channel numberinformation identifying number of audio channels.
 7. A broadcasttransmitter for processing broadcast data, the broadcast transmittercomprising: a first encoder for FEC (Forward Error Correction) encodingbroadcast service data; a second encoder for encoding the FEC encodedbroadcast service data; a signaling encoder for encoding transmissionparameters including specific code rates and FIC (fast informationchannel) data carrying cross-layer information to enable fast serviceacquisition, wherein the transmission parameters further include versioninformation indicating a version of the FIC data; a frame builder forgenerating data frames including the encoded broadcast service data, thetransmission parameters and the FIC data; and a transmission unit fortransmitting broadcast signals including the data frames, wherein thedata frames include at least two of different profiles of the broadcastservice data.
 8. The broadcast transmitter of claim 7, wherein the FICdata is divided into a number of FIC segments.
 9. The broadcasttransmitter of claim 8, wherein the FIC segment includes an FIC segmentheader and an FIC segment payload.
 10. The broadcast transmitter ofclaim 9, wherein the FIC segment header includes: error indicationinformation for indicating whether an error is detected in the FICsegment.
 11. The broadcast transmitter of claim 10, wherein the FICsegment header further includes: segment number information indicating anumbering of the FIC segment among FIC segments of the FIC data; lastsegment number information indicating a numbering of a last FIC segmentof the FIC data; and type information indicating a type of data carriedin the FIC segment.
 12. The broadcast transmitter of claim 7, whereinthe data frames further include a signaling information element, whereinthe signaling information element provides service acquisitioninformation for broadcast services, wherein the signaling informationelement includes an audio component sub element describing an audiostream component of a mobile service, and wherein the audio componentsub element includes: sampling rate information identifying an outputsampling rate of the audio stream component; and audio channel numberinformation identifying number of audio channels.